Compared to those without arrhythmias, participants who developed arrhythmias were more likely to be male and take aspirin, insulin, antihypertensive, and cholesterol-lowering medication; live in more deprived areas; have a higher number of long-term conditions; have less healthy lifestyles; higher waist circumferences and BMI; higher concentrations of total cholesterol and HbA1c; and have lower HDL cholesterol concentrations (Table 1 and Table S3). This evidence concerns the gene INS and Arrhythmia.