In a mouse model relevant to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome rather than FM, combined lipopolysaccharide administration and swim stress activated the diencephalic NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to caspase-1-mediated IL-1β maturation and fatigue-like motor deficits, while lactate and MDA levels remained unchanged. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.