A prospective cohort study of newly diagnosed RRMS patients demonstrated that serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) concentrations combined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) metrics, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness, and the clinical score BREMSO, can accurately predict early disability progression assessed with the EDSS-Plus score. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.