In vitro, NETs promoted M2d polarization in the presence of HCC cells via IL-17R/NF-κB signaling activated by IL-17 carried within NETs, which subsequently enhanced angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition; these effects were partially reversed by IL-17R inhibition. Here, NFKB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.