LDL, HDL, and other lipid components are included in total cholesterol, and higher total cholesterol levels in patients with T1DM indicate a higher overall blood cholesterol burden.[32] This may be the result of longer-term diabetes and its effects on lipid metabolism, or T1DM and T2DM may respond differently to insulin therapy in terms of metabolism.[32] To lower the risk of CVD, total cholesterol management is essential, particularly for patients with T1DM, who tend to have higher total cholesterol levels.[32] Reduced HDL-C levels in patients with T2DM exacerbate the proatherogenic state. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.