BAX and acute kidney injury: By mediating the dephosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax at serine 184, phosphoglycerate mutase 5 activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, thereby promoting the inflammatory response in AKI.[62] In addition, Li Yang et al employed single-cell sequencing to identify disease-associated macrophage subpopulations, specifically S100A8/A9+, during ischemia/reperfusion injury.