ANO1 and neoplasm: Key strengths include the inclusion of multiple histologic subtypes (GIST, adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, lymphoma, and others) within a single, well-defined surgical cohort; the use of standardized immunohistochemical markers (CD117, DOG1, CD34, SMA, and Ki-67) for precise tumor classification; and the application of multivariable and correlation analyses that identified exploratory associations between tumor size >5 cm, Ki-67 >10%, and malignancy.