CD4 and inflammatory bowel disease: Specifically, we aimed to (i) define distinct circulating miRNome signatures in newly diagnosed, therapy-naïve IBD; (ii) assess whether differentially expressed miRNAs can serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish CD from UC; (iii) characterize pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles and CD4+ T-cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) in blood and inflamed tissue; (iv) explore how cytokine patterns associate with miRNA expression; and (v) determine how miRNAs and cytokines relate to the distribution of T cell subsets both in the circulation and at sites of inflammation.