NFKB1 and neoplasm: Likewise, EP restrains tumor growth and metastasis in lymphoma, as well as hepatocellular and gastric carcinomas, by downregulating the HMGB1-RAGE axis and its downstream AKT/NF-κB and ERK/STAT3/SRC signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting proliferation and provoking cell death [227,228].