TGFB1 and atherosclerosis: The mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β, PPAR-γ, LXR-α, and ABCA1 in aortic and liver of atherosclerosis apoE−/− mice were upregulated (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), while those of PI3K and Akt1 were suppressed (p < 0.05, p < 0.01).