Various nanocarriers have been developed for sustained and targeted insulin delivery in both T1DM and T2DM, including lipid-based (liposomes) [89], polymeric-based (chitosan, alginate, dextran, PLGA) [90,91,92,93,94,95], and inorganic (silica) nanocarriers [96]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.