It has been shown that estrogens can improve some diseases (e.g., sepsis, mood disorders, cerebral ischemia, some liver diseases, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, osteoarthritis, and renal fibrosis) by inhibiting nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain inflammasome-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) [54]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is brain ischemia.