Calycosin can improve perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) dysfunction and recover its anti-contraction activity via up-regulating the adiponectin/AMP protein kinase (AMPK)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway to produce NO and thus attenuate endothelial dysfunction and related atherosclerosis at a dose of 50 mg/kg−1 day−1 in male C57BL/6 mice [27]. This evidence concerns the gene NOS3 and endothelial dysfunction.