Conversely, chronic low-grade inflammation, characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), suppresses adiponectin gene expression via activation of nuclear factor kB (NF-κB), thereby exacerbating metabolic dysfunction and promoting insulin resistance [88,89]. Here, ADIPOQ is linked to Insulin resistance.