In summary, the primary effects of lactate on GAM in glioma can be summarized as follows: (1) Promotion of M2 phenotype polarization: The high-lactate, hypoxic environment induces GAM polarization towards an M2 phenotype, a shift that is accompanied by the upregulation of markers such as CD206, ARG1, SPP1, and TGF-β. The gene discussed is MRC1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.