NUP214 and cardiac hypertrophy: Generally, cardiac hypertrophy is mainly controlled by complex signaling cascades, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (CaN/NFATs), etc. [1,5,6,7,8,9].