In a cohort of 284 VLBW infants with BPD, genetic variants of a transcription factor that induces antioxidant enzymes (nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (NFE2L2)) were significantly associated with the risk and severity of BPD after adjusting for epidemiological confounders [92]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.