PIK3CG and neoplasm: pH-responsive bacterial protoplast nanovesicles delivering CRISPR components targeting PIK3CG successfully reprogram TAMs toward an M1 anti-tumor phenotype (293), while inhalable core–shell lipid nanoparticles encapsulating HK2-targeting CRISPR/Cas9 suppress glycolytic metabolism and mitigate hyperinflammation in acute lung injury (294).