For instance, in liver cancer research, Stereo-seq technology identified a 500-micrometer-wide invasive zone at the tumor margin with nanoscale resolution; damaged hepatocytes in this region overexpress serum amyloid A, inducing M2 polarization of macrophages via JAK/STAT3 pathway activation, thereby promoting local immunosuppression and offering new insights for targeting the TME (325). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and liver cancer.