This subversion of cDC1 function represents a key mechanism by which tumours dampen antitumour immunity and undermine the efficacy of immunotherapies (9, 21, 23).We have also previously reported that β-catenin-mediated suppression of CXCL12 expression serves as a key mechanism accounting for the defective DC recruitment and lymph node metastasis in iCCA. Here, MPPE1 is linked to infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis.