KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: Long non-coding RNAs such as SChLAP1 (Second Chromosome Locus Associated with Prostate-1) are highly expressed in prostate cancer TDEVs and correlate with tumor aggressiveness, effectively distinguishing between BPH and PCa when PSA levels fall within the diagnostic “gray zone” (4–10 ng/mL) (Wang et al., 2018).