In September 2016, it was approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China for the subcutaneous treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C. Clinical data have demonstrated that long-term PEG IFNα-2b administration in patients with chronic hepatitis exhibits an acceptable safety profile, with adverse effects primarily limited to transient flu-like symptoms (Wu et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2025). Here, IFNA2 is linked to chronic hepatitis B virus infection.