Systemic therapy in adults is not standardized: historical chemotherapy has shown modest activity (reported 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) roughly 34%–45% in low-grade glioma regimens), while modern strategies increasingly target MAPK pathway alterations that drive PA—MEK inhibition (selumetinib) and BRAFV600E-directed therapy (dabrafenib + trametinib) have demonstrated meaningful responses and improved PFS in prospective trials, supporting consideration of targeted therapy when actionable mutations are present (adult evidence remains limited and often extrapolated) (25–27). Here, MAP2K7 is linked to central nervous system cancer.