(2, 44, 45) Sixth, IR is closely linked to high blood pressure through mechanisms such as overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, causing vasoconstriction and sodium retention, as well as increased sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to myocardial hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and reduced contractile function (2). Here, REN is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.