POMC and obesity disorder: In many species, it has been found that mitochondrial dysfunction is disrupted to promote longevity (Campisi et al. 2019), caloric restriction can also prolong life through mitohormesis (Li, Wang, et al. 2024), and exercise induces mitohormesis production in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons of the hypothalamus, leading to obesity resistance (Kang et al. 2021).