TXNIP and amyloidosis: ↓/↑ = decrease/increase versus age-matched controls; APP/PS1 Transgenic amyloid mouse model, PBMC Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; MSC Mesenchymal stromal cell, GSDMD Gasdermin-D, D4T Stavudine, BACE1 β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1, SP1 Specificity protein 1; Sox9 SRY-box 9; TXNIP Thioredoxin-interacting protein