Notably, Rg3 itself acts as an immunomodulator by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, thereby reducing secretion of CCL2 and VEGF and suppressing the recruitment of M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs)—thus achieving dual modulation of both tumor cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) (74). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.