used ginseng-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles to hybridize with membranes from resected autologous tumors to form functional hybrid vesicles and found that they enhanced the phagocytosis of autologous tumor antigens by DCs, promoted DCs maturation through Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), and ultimately activated tumor-specific CTLs (51). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is neoplasm.