Previous studies have identified various risk factors, including demographic characteristics (e.g., female gender, advanced age), vascular comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia), neuroimaging findings (e.g., frontal/temporal lobe infarction, multiple cerebral infarctions, brain atrophy), and biochemical markers (e.g., hyperhomocysteinemia, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [Hs-CRP]) (7, 8). The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is Brain atrophy.