Although the molecular functions of IL‐1β, MCP‐1, and CXCL1 revealed by the GSEA may not be exactly the same as the oncogenic effects suggested by the preliminary review (e.g., MCP‐1 for cellular proliferation and tumor invasion; IL‐1β for EMT and tumor invasion; and CXCL1 for angiogenesis, EMT, and tumor invasion), they are not unrelated with respect to cell invasion, angiogenesis, cellular proliferation, and metastatic progression. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and neoplasm.