HDP may affect the development of the respiratory system in offspring through a triple cascade mechanism: First, abnormal remodeling of the placenta-fetus interface signals, characterized by a significantly elevated ratio of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) in preeclampsia, inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, thereby impeding the maturation of alveolar type II epithelial cells. This evidence concerns the gene PGF and preeclampsia.