Similarly, BACE1 elevation-related exacerbation of AD-like phenotypes such as Aβ plaque deposition and impairments of cognitive function, synaptic plasticity and dendritic spine morphology has been reported in STZ-treated young 5XFAD mice (Devi et al., 2012), APP/PS1 mice fed long-term HFD during early life (Gong et al., 2021) and/or 3xTg-AD mice exposed to maternal HFD (Natale et al., 2023). Here, PSEN1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.