Lung cancer patients with concurrent anxiety and depression exhibited elevated CD3, CD4, CD8, NK cell counts, and CD4/CD8 ratio, alongside reduced Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (P = 0.044, 0.001, 0.022, 0.039, 0.007, 0.003). Here, CD8A is linked to depressive symptom measurement.