Similarly, combination treatment with a silk-hydrogel encapsulated Adv-CRB3 (Adv-CRB3@gel, armed with CRB3 and GM-CSF) and an anti PD-L1 antibody significantly reduced tumor size in a subcutaneous bladder cancer mouse model (Zhang et al., 2024b). This evidence concerns the gene CRB3 and urinary bladder carcinoma.