The multilamellar perineurium and collagen IV/laminin-rich, fiber-aligned ECM generate anisotropic pores and low chemokine permeability that impede dendritic-cell sampling and T-cell intravasation (26, 40, 42), while nerve-associated laminins engage integrins (α6β1/α7β1) and mechanosensors (YAP/TAZ, Piezo1/2) to bias tumor and immune-cell guidance along sheaths; the aligned sheath provides low-resistance routes for tumour movement (53, 54). Here, LAMB2 is linked to neoplasm.