Several tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily genes (TNFSF8, LTB, TNFSF12, TNFSF13B, TNFSF14, TNFSF13, EDA) were upregulated, with LTB and EDA reaching higher levels than in other inflammatory myopathies (Supplementary Fig. S15). Here, TNF is linked to myopathy.