TP53 and neoplasm: Future studies may evaluate different HNC subtypes according to anatomic disease sites (e.g., the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx) and various biomarkers [48], such as human papilloma virus (HPV) status, TP53 mutations, and tumor mutational burden, to determine whether cost-effectiveness estimations vary across anatomically and molecularly defined patient subgroups.