Innovative models, such as patient-derived iPSCs carrying LRRK2-G2019S, recapitulate PD pathology by generating dopaminergic neurons with senescence-associated degeneration, which is reversible via gene correction or LRRK2 kinase inhibitors.59, 60, 61, 62, 63 These findings align with postmortem brain studies showing nuclear membrane abnormalities,62 validating that mitochondrial dynamics is a therapeutic target. This evidence concerns the gene LRRK2 and Parkinson disease.