This study introduces a novel hypothesis centered on the CD58-PD-L1 axis to address two primary inquiries: (1) the specific overexpression of CD58 in glioma and its correlation with the invasive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis, and (2) the regulatory role of CD58 in PD-L1 expression and its influence on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, CD58 is linked to central nervous system cancer.