Experimental results (Figure 5A) showed that PBMCs exposed to the ILD environment exhibited significantly increased expression of interferon pathway genes (ISG15, MX2, and IFIT3), EIF2AK2 (encoding protein kinase R), and apoptosis-related genes (BCL2, BAX2) compared to the non-ILD group. Here, IFIT3 is linked to interstitial lung disease.