In non-small cell lung cancer, combination therapy with PD-1 inhibitors, PTP1B inhibitors, and TNFR2 antibodies increased the proportion of CD8 T cells and reduced the proportion of Treg cells in the spleen, lymph nodes, and tumors of NSCLC models compared to monotherapy, effectively inhibiting tumor growth (54). Here, PTPN1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.