Vaccination with lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) reproducibly induces VED, whereas enzymatic delipidation (dLAMPs) abolishes pathology (39).The lipid moieties act as potent Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, engaging TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 heterodimers that recognize triacylated and diacylated lipoproteins, respectively (64). Here, TLR2 is linked to familial isolated deficiency of vitamin E.