GCG and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: For all included obese cohorts, we extracted sample size, BMI criteria, GLP-1 agent, and exposure window, comparator definition, follow-up duration, and outcome-specific event counts or adjusted effect estimates, thereby aligning the analytic dataset with our central hypothesis that perioperative GLP-1 therapy reduces periprosthetic joint infection in adults with obesity.