TGFB1 and neoplasm: By integrating bioinformatics analysis and animal experiments, this study focused on clarifying the specific inhibitory effect of moxibustion on regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and its regulatory mechanism on the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/interleukin 10 (IL-10) pathway, and evaluated its synergistic anti-tumor effect when combined with chemotherapy (Figure 1).