POU5F1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: As shown in Fig. 2A, patients with HBV-HCC (n = 83) exhibited significantly higher mRNA levels of these genes compared to NBNC-HCC (n = 23), HCV-HCC (n = 79), and BC-HCC (n = 26), indicating a strong correlation between SENP1 and OCT4 in HBV-HCC.