KL and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Finally, in terms of genetic association, Klotho gene polymorphisms (such as G-395A, C1818T, KL-VS) are differentially associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes and its complications in different ethnic groups, providing a potential basis for individualized intervention and precision medicine (17, 20, 48, 49).In summary, Klotho is not a single functional ‘ anti-aging factor ‘, but a multifunctional protein involved in mineral metabolism, energy balance, oxidative stress and inflammation regulation.