DEG analysis identified 250 and 68 significantly overexpressed genes in the VS and meningioma tumour samples respectively compared to their control tissues, including six significantly co-overexpressed genes: COL1A, ERBB2, SLFN12, SLIT2, PDGFD and CDH1 (Fig. 1A, B, and Supplementary Table 2). Here, PDGFD is linked to neoplasm.