Therefore, GSE216783 VS and GSE183655 meningioma datasets were used to investigate similarities and differences in single cell gene expression between VS and meningioma, which contained n = 15 sporadic VS (including n = 12 VS with known pathogenic variants in NF2), and n = 6 sporadic meningioma (including n = 3 meningioma with 22q loss), respectively (where full clinical characteristics by sample are found in Supplementary Table 1). Here, NF2 is linked to meningioma.