SPP1 and colorectal carcinoma: An increase in the expression of LUBAC components was also observed in CRC tissues, with higher expression levels being associated with a poorer prognosis in CRC patients.399 In a recent study, Chen et al. demonstrated that TGF-β1 elevated the protein levels of USP22.400 This increase in USP22 activity facilitates the deubiquitination and subsequent activation of BRD4, which in turn induces the expression of GLI1 and osteopontin (OPN), thereby promoting the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs).400