Practically, this means prioritising lifestyle measures and using statins as first line therapy for hypercholesterolemia, with high intensity statin indicated for clinical atherosclerotic disease and ezetimibe/Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors if clinical targets are still unmet, while fibrates and omega 3 fatty acids can be prescribed for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. The gene discussed is PCSK9; the disease is hypertriglyceridemia.