Kheyfets et al. (2017) identified 15 circulating miRNAs that correlated with the maximum change in PVRi between baseline and challenge conditions in a pediatric PAH population, of whom most were pediatric IPAH patients. Actually, microRNAs exhibited a sex-specific manner early in 2015. Wallace et al. (2015) demonstrated that miRNA-96 was a sex-specific participant in BMPR-II(R899X+/-) PASMCs from female mice and hPASMCs from female patients with PAH. This evidence concerns the gene BMPR2 and pulmonary arterial hypertension.