Certain conditions, such as defects in the IL-1R/TLR pathway (e.g., IRAK-4 deficiency), leukocyte adhesion deficiency, or hyper-IgE syndrome (STAT3 deficiency), can predispose individuals to severe and invasive Staphylococcal infections. This evidence concerns the gene IRAK4 and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.