Numerous epidemiological studies have identified elevated LDL-C, particularly ApoB, which reflects the number of atherogenic lipoprotein particles, as an independent risk factor for the occurrence, progression, and cardiovascular complications of CKD.[81] These studies generally indicate that increased levels of LDL-C and ApoB are significantly associated with an accelerated decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the occurrence and exacerbation of proteinuria, such as elevated albuminuria. The gene discussed is APOB; the disease is chronic kidney disease.